Details
Complete Name :
Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852)
Taxonomy :
Crustacea »
»
Malacostraca »
Decapoda »
Cambaridae »
Procambarus clarkii
Authors :
Francesca Gherardi and Vadim Panov
Last Updated : December 14th, 2006
Common Names
Red swamp or Louisiana crayfish/crawfish.
Synonyms
Short Description
Crayfish with total body length (TL) up to 15 cm. Adults are usually dark red, orange, or reddish brown. Chelae are red on both surfaces, typically S-shaped and covered in spines and tubercles. Females have the seminal receptacle located between bases of posterior walking legs. Sexually active males have distinct grasping hooks on the ischia of the 2nd and 3rd pairs of walking legs that are used to hold females during copulation. Adult individuals mainly feed on plants and detritus, while juveniles consume a higher proportion of animal food. Sometimes cannibalistic.
Introduction Pathway
Besides intentional introductions mainly for aquaculture, it can spread to new areas by anglers for local consumption but also because it is used as bait.
Distribution
- Native Range
- It is native to north-eastern Mexico and south-central USA, extending westward to Texas, eastward to Alabama, and northward to Tennessee and Illinois.
- Known Introduced Range
- Several states of USA outside its native range, parts of Central and South America, eastern Asia, parts of eastern and southern Africa, southern, central and western Europe.
- Trend
- It was legally introduced into southern Spain in 1973 from Louisiana (USA) and later illegally introduced throughout Spain, France, Italy, and other countries in 1970-1990. A hypothesized extra-European source area of introduction is East Africa. It is increasing in many areas.
Distribution Map
Main symbols used in maps
   | known distribution area (in CGRS grid squares; in countries; along coast) |
Specific symbols occurring only in some species
 | eradicated |
 | extinct |
 | not present; eradicated |
 | native distribution range in CGRS grid squares |
 | native range |
 | assumed native range |
 | infrequent distribution |
 | key distribution area |
 | not established |
Countries
Contributors
The following contributors have provided records in the DAISIE database for this species.
| Name | Institute |
|---|
| Phil Lambdon |
NERC Centre for Hydrology and Ecology |
| Stephan Gollasch |
GoConsult |
Experts
The following experts registered themselves as having knowledge about this species or its family.
| Name | Institute | Country | Taxa |
|---|
|
Departamento de Ecología, UAM |
Spain |
Procambarus clarkii (name) |
|
Laboratory of Ecology - Gembloux Agric. Univ. |
Belgium |
Procambarus clarkii (name) |
|
Charles University, Prague |
Czech Republic |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
University Koblenz-Landau |
Germany |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Inlandwater and Aquaculture Branch |
Egypt |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
Departamento de Ecología, UAM |
Spain |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid |
Spain |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
Laboratory of Ecology - Gembloux Agric. Univ. |
Belgium |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
University of Salzburg |
Austria |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
CIA Albaladejito. JCCM |
Spain |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
Indiana Biological Survey |
United States |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
|
Germany |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
National Institute Of Oceanography and Fisjeries |
Egypt |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
Universidade dos Açores |
Portugal |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
University of Ulm |
Germany |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
BioShock NGO |
Croatia |
Cambaridae (family) |
|
Büro für Fischbiologie & Gewässerökologie |
Germany |
Cambaridae (family) |
Google Links
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References
Gherardi F (2006) Procambarus clarkii (crustacean). In: Global Invasive Species Database. Available from: http://www.issg.org/database/species/ecology.asp?si=608&fr=1&sts= . Cited 30 Oct 2006
Gherardi F (2006) Crayfish invading Europe: the case study of Procambarus clarkii. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 39 (3):175–191
Souty-Grosset C, Holdich DM, Noel PY, Reynolds JD and Haffner P (eds) (2006) Atlas of Crayfish in Europe, Museum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, 187 p (Patrimoines naturels, 64).
Other References
Correia AM, Bandeira N and Anastacio PM (2005) Predator-prey interactions of Procambarus clarkii with aquatic macroinvertebrates in single and multiple prey systems. Acta Oecologica 28:337-343
Cruz MJ, Rebelo R and Crespo EG (2006) Effects of an introduced crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, on the distribution of south-western Iberian amphibians in their breeding habitats. Ecography 29:329-338
Gherardi F and Holdich DM (eds) (1999) Crayfish in Europe as alien species. How to make the best of a bad situation? A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp XI + 299
Gherardi F and Barbaresi S (2000) Invasive crayfish: activity patterns of Procambarus clarkii in the rice fields of the Lower Guadalquivir (Spain). Archiv für Hydrobiologie 150:153-168
Procambarus clarkii
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